Research

Lange Skinfold Caliper

Scholarly References

25 scholarly studies from 1979–2024 explicitly cite the Lange skinfold caliper, spanning comparison studies, fieldwork, calibration reviews, and clinical validation.

Head-to-Head Instrument & Calibration Studies

  • 1979: Burgert & Anderson – Am J Clin Nutr 32:1531-3. Lange vs McGaw on triceps; Lange ~7% higher.
  • 1984: Jung et al. – Clin Pediatr 23:25-28. Pediatric sample (n=240); Lange vs McGaw on biceps/triceps.
  • 1984: Fanelli & Kuczmarski – Am J Clin Nutr 39:703-709. Lange vs ultrasound at 7 sites in 124 men.
  • 1987: Kuczmarski et al. – Am J Clin Nutr 45:717-724. Obese adults; ultrasound out-performs Lange at thick sites.
  • 1984: Martin & Drinkwater – Sports Med 11:277-288. Caliper brand & technique alter female athlete % fat.
  • 2003: Cintra-Andrade et al. – Rev Bras Med Esporte 9:89-94. Lange vs Cescorf; 5–7% BF diff.
  • 2010: Szymanski et al. – J Strength Cond Res 24:3146-52. Lange vs DXA/hydrostatic in students.
  • 2022: Esparza-Ros et al. – Nutrients 14:2085. Harpenden, Holtain, Slim Guide, Lange comparison.
  • 2023: Cintra-Andrade et al. – J Nutr Sci 12:e82. Review of Lange's design/mechanics vs others.

Method-to-Method Studies

  • 1987: Kuczmarski et al. – Lange vs ultrasound in obese adults.
  • 1984: Fanelli & Kuczmarski – 2-site ultrasound equations rival Lange 3-site.
  • 2021: Zepetnek et al. – Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 41:417-425. Lange vs BIA vs A-mode ultrasound.

Large Cohort / Reliability Studies

  • 1995: Ferrario et al. – Int J Obes 19:449-457. ARIC study; n=15k; Lange inter-tech r>0.90.
  • 1996: Liu et al. – Br J Nutr 76:507-518. 10-site Lange vs hydrostatic in Chinese women.
  • 2006: Kavak V. – Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 16:296-304. Turkish teens (n=1,118); 7-site Lange.
  • 2016: Mohan et al. – Diabetol Metab Syndr 8:77. Lange predicts diabetes risk in Chennai cohort.

Sports & Field Use Studies

  • 1999: Oppliger et al. – J Fam Pract 48:137-142. Wrestlers (n=723); Lange vs Ross vs BIA.
  • 2012: Logerstedt et al. – J Athl Train 47:90-98. Cryotherapy study using Lange on DI athletes.
  • 2019: Omoregie et al. – Asian J Med Sci 10:54-60. BIA vs 3-site Lange in Nigerian students.

Pediatric & Prediction Equation Studies

  • 1984: Slaughter et al. – Hum Biol 56:709-723. Female youth; technician/caliper effects.
  • 1998: Goran et al. – Am J Clin Nutr 67:915-923. Preadolescents; 4-site Lange vs DXA.
  • 2003: Cintra-Andrade et al. – Pediatric sub-analysis.